This is a delineation of all the important events in the history of Kashmir that have led up to the current situation.
 1931: A time in history when the worst communal riots occurred led by Sheikh Abdullah. This was also the year of the Muslim Conference.
1947: The year of Indian independence. Maharaja Hari Singh, ruler of Kashmir, yet to make up his mind regarding accession the Standstill Agreement. India honored that agreement but Pakistan did not.
 | Oct 22nd 1947 : Pakistan violates the Standstill Agreement by preventing essential supplies to the State. Armed Pakistani tribesman entered Kashmir forcing the Maharaja to flee to India. |
| On Oct 26, 1947 : Maharaja Hari Singh signs the instrument of Accession, |
| The accession of Kashmir was accepted by the Governor General of India Lord Mount batten. |
| Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru accepted Jammu & Kashmir's accession to India and agreed to rescue his people from the Pakistani attackers. |
| Oct 27, 1947 : The first Indian forces arrived in Kashmir to defend against Pakistani troops. The Indians succeeded. |
1948: India declared a unilateral cease-fire and under Article 35 of the U.N. Charter. India files a complaint with the U.N. Security Council.
| Jan 20, 1948: The U.N. Security Council in its resolution of establishes the United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan (UNCIP) |
| Jul 1948: Mohd. Zafrulla Khan, then the Foreign Minister of Pakistan and principal Delegate of Pakistan in the U.N. admits to the U.N. Commission for India and Pakistan that the Pakistani Army had been in Kashmir |
| Jun 1948: Sheikh Abdullah declares, "We the people of Jammu and Kashmir, have thrown our lot with Indian people not in the heat of passion or a moment of despair, but by a deliberate choice. The union of our people has been fused by the community of ideals and common sufferings in the cause of freedom" |
1949: Jan 1, 1949: Amidst great tension, one minute before midnight, India and Pakistan concluded a formal cease-fire agreement.
| Jan 5, 1949: Almost a year after Nehru's offer of plebiscite, the UNCIP passes a resolution that states, "The question of accession of the state of Jammu and Kashmir to India or Pakistan will be decided through the democratic method of free and impartial plebiscite". However, Pakistan has yet to comply with the earlier resolution and withdraw from the State. |
| 1949: Not withstanding the opposition by several authors of the Indian Constitution, including Dr. Ambedkar, its chief architect, Article 370 was inserted in the constitution of India. This article is meant as a temporary measure, to be in effect until the formal constitution of Jammu and Kashmir is drafted. |
1950: Apr 1950 UN Security Council appoints Sir Owen Dixon as the UN representative in place of UNCIP to find expeditious and enduring solution to the India-Pakistan dispute over Kashmir.
| Oct 1950: General Council of the National Conference demands elections to create a Constituent Assembly. |
1951:
| 05 Jul 1951: Violation of Kashmir cease-fire line |
| Sep 1951: Elections for the Constituent Assembly are held. The National Conference wins all 45 seats unopposed |
| Oct 1951: Constituent Assembly of the State of Jammu and Kashmir is inaugurated. |
| Nov 5, 1951: The Constituent Assembly is given four tasks by Sheikh Abdullah which including the accession to India. |
| Nov-Dec 1951: Karan Singh steps down as the ruler, and is elected by the Constituent Assembly of the Jammu and Kashmir State as Sardar- i-Riyasat (Governor). |
1952 : Jana Sangh begins campaign called "Ek Vidhan Ek Pradhan" (One Constitution, one leader) and demands that the State of Jammu and Kashmir be totally integrated into India and that the people from the other States be able to visit Jammu and Kashmir without a passport.
Jana Sang leader Shyamaprasad Mukherjee dies in a Kashmiri Jail under mysterious circumstances.
1953 : Aug 9, 1953: Sheikh Abdullah is arrested.
1954 : Feb 1954: Under the leadership of Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad, the democratically elected Constituent Assembly of the State of Jammu and Kashmir ratified the State's accession to India.
1956 : Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act 1956, the category of Part B State was abolished and Jammu and Kashmir was included as one of the States of India under Article I. However, Article 370 of the Indian constitution is still retained.
1964 : Sheikh Abdullah released from the prison.
1965 : Pakistan attacks India, in operation code named, Gibraltar. The defeat of Pakistan results in the Tashkent Agreement between the two countries.
| 05 Apr 1965: Pakistan gave away over 2000 sq. miles of Indian Territory in Kashmir to China under the Sino-Pak boundary agreement. |
| 23 Apr 1965: Pakistan launched an assault along a 60-mile front from Ding to Chhad in the Rann of Kutch. |
| 05 Aug 1965: Pak infiltrators crossed into Indian territory all along the 470 mile cease fire line in Kashmir. |
| 21 Aug 1965: Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri holds Pakistan responsible for sending 3,000 to 4,000 infiltrators into Kashmir and warned of an attack if aggression did not stop. |
1971 : Pakistani attack on India results in the third war between the two countries.
| 03 Dec 1971: Pakistan launched a premeditated air strike on a number of Indian airfields. Pakistan is completely defeated, over 90,000 of its men surrendered. |
| The birth of Bangladesh. |
1972 : India and Pakistan sign the Shimla Pact. The two agree to respect the line of control until the issue is finally resolved.
1975 : Feb 24-25, 1975: Following an accord signed Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and Sheikh Abdullah on February 24, 1975, Jammu and Kashmir is made a "Constituent Unit" of India on February 25, 1975. Through this accord Indian Parliament reaffirms its right to legislate on any matter concerning the territory of the State.
1977 : National Conference wins the first post-Emergency elections.
1982 : Sheikh Abdullah nominates his son, Farooq Abdullah as his successor setting up a political rivalry between Farooq Abdullah and his brother-in-law G. M. Shah.
1986 : In one of the most shameful acts of religious massacre, several ancient historical Hindu temples are destroyed and scores of Hindus were killed in the city of Anantnag. Chief Minister G. M. Shah looses power to his brother-in-law Farooq Abdullah.
1990-1991 : In a spate of terrorist violence, 2400 people have died so far, and 300,000 people have been driven out of their homes. Pakistan's involvement in this carnage of violence is beyond doubt.
1999 : The Kargil crisis once again brought back images of SOBBING wives, broken mothers, stoic fathers, bewildered children. Flag-draped coffins of officers and jawans coming home. With unrelenting regularity, these tragic images of the Kargil conflict filled the nation's consciousness Indian and Pakistani troops fought a 50-day war.
Read about The Heros of Kargil our soldiers who sacrificed there live's to save our border from intruders.
2001 : General Parvez Musharraf visited India to meet Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee for the Summit talks in Agra. The nation watched in disappointment as the Summit was declared a failure but the people of Kashmir continue to hope each time the leaders meet to decide the lives of thousands of innocent lives.
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